Anticurl device for collars



June 17, l952 B. LlEaowfTz ANTICURL DEVICE FOR COLLARS 3 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Sept. 24, 1951 IN V EN TOR. ENJ-/WN LIEBOWITZ June 17, 1952 B. LlEaowl-rz ANTICURL DEVICE FOR COLLARS 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 24, l11.951

J. Q. Ecl

JNVENToR. BENTAMIN LlEowfT June 17, 1952 B. LIEBowl'rz 2,601,038

ANTICURL DEVICE FOR COLLARS Filed Sept. 24, 1951 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 f/ f f AKA 5g INVENToR.

BENJ'HMIN LIEBowITZ Patented June 17, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ANTICURL DEVICE FOR COLLARS Benjamin Liebowitz, Lewsboro, N. Y.

Application September 24, 1951, Serial No. 247,910

One of the most outstanding problems in the collar industry has been that of eliminating the tendency of the vpoints thereof to `curl away from the body of the wearer.

In my copending patent application Serial No. 190,092, filed October 14, 1950, I have disclosed a very satisfactory method of solving this problem by the use of a bielastic structure incorporated in the collar. This bielastic structure comprises a flexible member permanently resistant to compression along its length and an elastic member secured in permanently stretched tension-producing state to one side of the compression-resistant member. The present application is a continuation-in-part of the aforesaid copending application. Various modifications of the bielastic structure are disclosed and claimed in this application.

For a better understanding of the invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary plan view of a conventional collar with collarband attached thereto;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary plan view of a collar like in Fig. 1, but showing the location of the bielastic strips in the edges thereof; the collar of this gure is fused;

Fig. 3 is a cross-section on the line III-III of Fig. 2 showing the location and attachment of the bielas-tic strips in section;

Fig. 4 is a cross-section of a fused collar like Fig. 3 but diiers in that the bielastic strip merely lies in a pocket and i-s otherwise unfastened;

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a non-fused collar which has end portions stiffened by fusing;

Fig. 6 is a cross-section on the line VIVI of Fig. 5 showing a fused layer 2 of fabric with tapered end to produce the local stiflening;

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary plan view of a collar showing the location of a bielastic strip in a diagonal position;

Fig. 8 is a cross-section on the line VIII- VIII of`Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a 4plan view, Fig. 10 is a side elevation, and Fig. 11 an end elevation of one form of a bielastic strip;

Fig. 12 illustrates the curled shape taken by the bielastc strip after it is completed and before it is attached to or inserted in the collar;

Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the bielastic strip structure;

Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing another modication of the bielastic strip structure;

14 Claims. (Cl. 2-132) Fig. l5 is a cross-section showing still another modication of the biela-stic strip structure;

Fig. 16 is a cross-section showing still a further modification;

Fig. 17 is a longitudinal cross-section of a woven ilexible compression-resistant member using monols in the warp showing how the same may be stabilized against slippage of weft yarns; and

Fig. 18 is a side view of a bielastic Astructure incorporating a rubber band with varying tension.

Figure l shows a fragmentary plan view of a conventional collartop which may be made, for example, by the procedure of running-and-turning as is well-known in the industry. This co1- lar comprises three plies, viz., a face ply I, a lining ply 2, and a back ply 3. As usual, the co1- lartop is attached to a band portion marked I0.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary plan View of a collar as shown in Figure 1, in which is indicated the location of the anticurl strips by dashed lines labeled 2l and 2|a.

Figure 3 is a cross-section on the line III- III of Figure 2, in which I havel indicated more specically the location and cross-sectional shape of the anticurl strip 2l. In this iigure, I represents the face ply, 2 the lining ply, and 3 the back ply, as in Figure 1. These plies are held together by the inside seam 4 and subsequently may be held further together by the external stitch 5 which is customarily placed near the edge. The anticurl strip 2| is located between the stitch 5 and the edge of the collar and is attached before turning of the collar by stitch 6 to the edge of the `collar which is subsequently turned in as indicated in Figure 3, so that the bielastic strip is ultimately concealed and protected by the back ply 3. It is important to note that the rubber face of the bielastic strip 2| faces the back ply.

Figure 4 is a cross-section just like Figure 3 with this difference, viz., that the stitch 6 is omitted. That is, in Figure 4, the bielastic strip 2| merely lies in the pocket formed by the topstitch 5 and the inside stitch 4, and is otherwise unattached. In this case the bielastic strip is inserted after completion of the collar top.

The structure shown in Figures 2, 3, and 4 is particularly adapted to so-called fused collars. (The fusing is schematically indicated by dots.) It may also be employed with so-called soft collars, but for good results the region in the neighborhood ofthe points should be stiened.

Figure 5 is a plan view and Figure 6 a crosssection of a soft or non-fused collar in which is shown an extra layer of stiffening lining 'I next the back ply 3. As indicated by the dots, this extra layer of stiffening lining may be fused to the back ply 3. In the embodiment of Figures 5 and 6 I prefer to taper the extra inserted lining 7 so as to minimize the showing on the face of the nished collar of the discontinuity formed byfthe edge 1a of the stiffening lining 1. I achieve this tapering in the form shown in Figure 6 first by reducing the number of fusible yarns in the fusing lining 1 as one approaches the edge 1a. and leaving the neighborhood of the edge 1a unfused as indicated by the dots 1b; secondly, I prefer to weave the material of lining 1 as a narrow fabric and to so cut it that the edge 'la is a selvage; and thirdly, I prefer to re duce the number and/or size of cotton warp ends as the selvage 1a is approached. Furthermore, I prefer to have the lining 'l adhere on one face only, i. e. to the back ply 3, andnot tothe ordinary lining ply2. For this purpose the material of lining 'I maybe satinized, i. e. most of'the fusible yarn substance is thrown on one face in the weaving.

However, the stiffening in the neighborhood of thelpoints may-be obtained in ways other than fusing; for example, in place of the satinized fusing lining 1, I may employ ordinary lining materials stifened permanently by treatment with appropriate resins, e. g. epoxy resin. The said extra piece of lining 'l may be inserted only inthe neighborhood of the collar points or, if desired, it may extend the full length of the collar.

InFigure 7, I'have shown at 2 lbI an alternative location of'a bielastic anticurl strip 2 Ib, viz., o'n a diagonal.

Figuree8lis-a cross-section on the line VIII- VIII of Figure 7-'showing howthe bielastic anticurl'strip at 2lb is located in the collar. Here again-an extra piece of lining is employed as shown at 1c in order to prevent'the anticurl strip 2lb-from too noticeably showing-through on the face `of the'collar. Preferably, the extra lining lc'is-stiffenedbut not fused. The bielastic strip 2| is sewn' as indicated by 6c to the lining Tc.

The-structure'shown in Figures '7 and 8 is in-Y tended primarilyfor non-fused collars. The lining 1e may be tapered by weaving it as a narrow fabric, so cutting itthat the edge 'la of Figure-7 isa selvage, and reducing the size and a'number of warp ends as the selvage is approached.-

Inv all cases, thevbielastic anticurl strip com-- prises, as mentioned above, a flexible element permanently resistant toecompression along-itsI length and al stretched elastic element secured in'permanently tension-creating condition to thecompression-resistant element.

An embodiment of the anticurl strip or bielasticstructure 2l is'shownin Figures 9, 10, and 11; in this` embodiment, the anticurl strip comprises V: rcotton tape 22 stifened to endow itwith compression resistance. This tape may be aboutV 1/8'" wideandaboutl 0.008rv to 0.010" thick, for example: Secured to thisY cotton strip by the stitch-'24 isa rubbertape"23*whose initial length isapproximately indicated, as an example, just below-'the elevation of Figure 10 by the strip 23A. Thatisy to say, the-tape 23A-before attaching'to the cotton tapeY 22 has a length, for example, of

some 60 to` 70% of its stretchecl'length after incorporation'inthe bielastic; structure. Itrnust be emphasized, however; that theV amount of stretch of the rubber tape is highly variable, depending on the quality of the rubber, its crosssectional area, and the kind of collar and collar fabric into which it is to be put. The rubber tape may be of the order of 1/8 Wide and may have a thickness e. g. of about 0.010 to 0.012". The quality of rubber tape known in the trade as garment tape is suitable. The structure shown in Figures 9 to 12, inclusive, has been found to work very satisfactorily in fused collars. I have found thatv in some cases it is suflicient to use the bielastic strip 2| only in the region shown at'2l in Figure 2, although it may also be used in the region shown at 21a in Figure 2.

A suitable stiffening material for the cotton tape I` have found to be the so-called epoxy resins or polyester resins. However, a less permanent stiffening can also be employed in fused collars where the fused material to which the bielastic strip is sewn furnishes some of the compressionresistance.

For ease of illustration, the bielastic strip of Figures 9 and 10 is shown in astraightened configuration more or less likeV the configuration it assumes in the finished collar. But when such strips are free, they assume a helical shape as illustrated in Figure 12; helix thus formed may be, for example, to 1" or more in a bielasticstrip intended for fused collars.

Small accidental' variations in stitching the rubber tape tothe cottontape-may cause smalllateral distortionsof the resulting bielastic strip. Thistendency to distort may result in some distortion of the collar. On this account Iprefer to have the compression-resistant element relatively stiif and stable against bending in its own plane.

Experimentally I ind that the required amount of lateral stability isl achieved by the same treatment with resin which confers compressionresistance on the cotton tape.

It will be obvious that in place of the garment tape 23 sewn to a -cottontape I may use a plurality of rubber yarns interwovenv inthe processof weaving the cotton tape. This modication is shown in cross-section in Figure 13 where 4l represents a series of cotton warp yarns, 42 represents a series of-'rubber warp yarns which are stretched so that after the completion and the stiffening of the bielastic structure the yarns 42 will have the required stretch, that is to say, they will be stretched, for example, something like 30 to 60% (more or less) of their original lengthV beyond their original length.

In Figure 13, 43 representsweft yarns which hold-the warp yarns' together to form the body of the fabric tape. 44 represents the weft yarn used to -interweave the rubber yarn. In practice', every fourth weft yarn may befofV thev character 44, whereas the other three are of the character 43.

The structure shown in Figure 13 Will tend to collapse as it comes from the looms.

strip, it must then be stretched out and stiffened in the stretched condition, so as-to confer thecompression-resistance required.

It is unnecessary to stiffen vthe interwoven bi-v elastic structure'shown in Figurev 13 if the warp ends 4I, instead of being made of cotton, are made of a suitable monofl yas shown at Sil-in Figure 14; A- suitable monol for this purpose is nylon monol of about 0.010 in diameter. It is preferable in this case to make the wefts 43A The diameter of the` In order ff to convertit into satisfactorily usable anticurl and MA of nylon yarn instead of cotton. This structure, however, is not easy to weave on account of slippage.

In Figure 15, I have shown a modifie-ation in which a nylon tape is used whose warps 50 are monofils about 0.010" in diameter and whose weft yarns 5| are ordinary nylon yarns of about 150 to 200 denier, more or less, Av rubber strip 23 is sewn to this nylon tape by the stitch 24, just as in Figures 9, and 1l. It will be understood once again that the rubber strip 23 is appropriately stretched at the time it is sewn to the nylon tape. I have found that resins may be employed as adhesive to x the weft yarns against slippage.

It will be understood that instead of fixing the nylon weft yarns against slippage by means of a resin, the same or similar result can also be accomplished by means of heat and pressure so that the weft yarns become embedded in the monofils, as shown in longitudinal cross-section in Figure 17 where, corresponding to Figures and 16, 5| indicates the weft yarns and 50 indicates the warp monofils in which the weft yarns have been embedded by the application of heat and pressure.

All of the bielastic structures shown up to this point may be used in the locations at 2|-2|a shown in Figure 2. In order to make them more suitable for use in the location 2lb indicated in Figure 7 (particularly intended for non-fused collars), it is desirable to taper the edge of the bielastic strip in order to minimize the extent to which the strip will show on the nished collar. This can be done by employing the structure shown in cross-section in Figure 16, which is just like that shown in Figure 15 except for the use of ordinary nylon warp yarns of relatively small diameter (compared with the monoi'lls 50) on either side of the portion formed by said monols. That is, in Figure 16 I have, as is shown in Figure 15, the nylon monols 50 and the stretched rubber strip 23 attached by means of the stitch 24, and also a group of ordinary nylon warp yarns on each side shown at 52, all said warp yarns being woven into a ribbon by the weft yarns 5|. The added warp yarns 52 may be of 100 to 150 denier, for example. Again it will be understood that the nylon ribbon thus formed is xed so as to prevent sliding of the weft yarns on the warp yarns by means of an appropriate resin. This fixing also imparts a lateral stability which I have found particularly desirable in non-fused collars.

Experimentally it has been found that in order to obtain good results the anticurling strength of the bielastic structures heretofore described must be rather carefully adjusted to the collar or other article of apparel in which it is to be used. Thus, if the anticurling strength is too strong, it will create a tendency of the collar points, for example, to curl inward toward the wearer, which is not very desirable; on the other hand, if it is insufficient it will not prevent the curling tendency of the collar away from the wearer to the extent that is desired. It has been found that a much wider latitude in curling strength is permissible if the tension of the stretched elastic element is made variable along the length of the bielastic strip. The effect of such variable tension is illustrated in a side elevation in Figure 18 in which as before 22 represents a flexible fabric strip stiffened so as to make it compression-resistant. 60 represents the stretched elastic member which is sewn to the element 22 by the stitch 24. But the tension in the stretched elastic element increases as one passes from left to right so that at the 6 right-hand end 60 the tension in this stretched elastic element is considerably greater than at the left-hand end. Thus, as indicated in Figure 18, the curling strength increases as one passes from left to right in Figure 18. The right-hand end is placed near the crotch of the collar shown in Figure 2, that is, close to the junction of the collartop and the band l0 in the location indicated at 2| in Figure 2; the other end is therefore in the neighborhood of the point, The effect of this is to give a strong anticurling tendency to the collar in the neighborhood of the crotch thereby causing the edge of the collar to hug the body better. Moreover, the greater anticurling tendency in the neighborhood of the crotch will tend to overpower any excess anticurling tendency near the point thereby minimizing any tendency that the points may have to curve inward because of the anticurling forces. Thus, the use of a variable tension in the rubber represents a signicant improvement in the anticurl structure.

In the case of uniform tension of the stretched elastic element as shown in connection with Figures 9 to 12, inclusive, the desired uniform stretch may be obtained when sewing the stiifened cotton tape 22 to the stretched rubber tape 23 by passing the cotton tape over a roll of definite diameter and passing the rubber tape over another roll of smaller diameter which is coaxial with the rst roll, in each case pressing the tape against the corresponding roll by means of idler rolls. This arrangement provides a constant differential feed which produced the uniform stretch of the rubber as described in connection with Figures 9 to 12, inclusive. In order to obtain the variable tension in the elastic element illustrated in Figure 18, the smaller roll which determines the rate of feed of the rubber tape, instead of being coaxial with respect to the other roll, may be made eccentric with respect thereto, so that the rate of feed of the stretched elastic element will vary periodically, the period being determined by the length of bielastic strip into which the finished anticurl tape is to be cut up.

It will be recognized that the variable curvature inducing force which produces the result illustrated in Figure 18 arises from variable contractile force exerted by the stretched elastic element along the length of the anticurl strip, which variable contractile force arises from the variable elongation as described.

Of course, such variations of contractile force can be obtained in other ways, for instance, by varying the width or thickness of the rubber tape periodically (with periods equal to the ultimate length of the anticurl strip) and maintaining constant elongation in attaching the rubber strip to the stiffened cotton tape. Or a variation in curling tendency can be obtained by varying the stiiness of the compression-resistant element, for example by periodically varying the amount of resin applied to the continuous tape while it is in the process of being stiffened. But so far as can be seen at present, the method described above of maintaining a constant cross-section of the rubber tape and varying its elongation periodically is by far the best from the manufacturing standpoint.

It will be understood that the bielastic structure having variable anticurling strength may be employed in other garments besides collars, for instance girdles, in which case the portion of the anticurling strip having the weakest curling strength would lie in the neighborhood of the top` edgeofr the girdle and the strip' itself would? run downward from'. this top'edge.

The word` compression-resistant isi used throughout this specification and theV following claimsin the sense that the object in question willvnotvbuckle or tend toy shorten continuouslyunder: the'Y compressive forcef induced by' the stretched elastic element. For example, ordinary lightweight fabrics would: not be compression-resistant in this sense because they would` tend partly'to'bu'ckle and more important'fwould tend to shorten permanentlyafter repeated .washings.y In this sense such, lightweight' ordinary fabrics are not compression-resistant. How'- ever,k the compression-resistant element' may.Y yield! substantially under the compressive force induced by the stretched' elastic element and still comey Within the ambit ofv the meaning of the'A expression "compression-resistant as used. herein. For instance, a practical. way, for certain purposesto make a bielastic element. is to employ two strips of rubber one of which is properlyv stretched. before cementing. or otherwise -applying.,l it to' the other. The other strip of rubber, whichr actsI as the' compression-resistant element, should preferably bethicker than the stretched elastic. member or it should be made cfa rubber of higher durometer hardness, or both. It is understoodthat the term compression-resistant member is intendedtofcover'also substances' of the sortfwhich, afterV havingonce beeninitially compressed. by theV initial. tension of the stretched' elastic member,V will not subsequently tend to shorten to anymaterial extent, vand .will not; moreover, tend to buckle.

The invention described aboveis partially dis.- closed in' my U. S; patentapplication Serial No; 199,3171iled December 5,. 1950, and my U.. S. patent application Serial No. 2 17,341, .led March 24,1951;

What-I claim is:-

1; A- device for inducing a curvingtendency ina desired-direction in aportion of an article of' apparel with which said device is eventually assembled, said device'comprising. in combination a flexible fabric strip includingY at least one monolament consisting. of plastic material and being compression.-resistant inV axial.'r direction, said* monolament extending in longitudinalldirection of said fabric stripk andbeing'incorp'orated therein so as to'makeisaid fabric strip comprese sion-resistant; and an elastic strip-shapedelement'fastenedtto onefaceY of said fiexible. compressioneresistant fabric strip. inV permanently stretched tension-creating condition so as` to.l

induce curvature.v insaid compression'-resistant iiexible'fabric strip andhence acurving tendency in aportion of an article of wearing:apparelfwith which the. same 'isi assembled, said'v curvature `ber ing-,in the. direction ofi that face'. of Vsaidcornpression-resistant. flexible'fabric' strip` to which. the said elastic strip-shaped element is'. fastened;

2; A device for inducing a curviiigitendencyin a desired direction in a portion ofw an'articleof apparel with which said device is eventually. as'- sembled, said device comprising; in combinationv a-flexible compression-resistant fabric strip; and a. plurality of parallel elastic. strandseach fastened to one and the same face of `saidflexible compression-resistant' fabric stripin permanentlystretched tension-creatingcondition so asto induce curvature in said compressionresistantr flexible fabric strip and' hence a curvingr tendency in a portion ofan-artiole of-wearing` vapparel-with which the same is assembled; saidfcurvaturebe ing. in the. direction of that face of said comf pression-resistant flexible fabric strip to which the said elastic strands are fastened.

3. A1 devicev for inducing a curving tendency in. a: desiredy direction in a portion of' anarticle of'apparel with which said device is eventually assemblemsaid device comprising in combination a.v thin exible compression-resistant element; and al stretched' elastic element having a tensionv varying along its length andv fastened insuch stretched tension-creating condition to one-face'r of saidy thin exible compression-resistant element; thus inducing different curvatures in said thin exible compression-resistanty element along` the length thereof and hence inducinga curving tendency ina portonofan-article of wearing apparelf with which the same is assembled, said curvingv tendency varying along the length of said thin exible"compression-resistant element and being inthe direction of that face of said thinl flexibleA compression resistant element to which the saidelastic element is fastened.

4. A device'for inducing a curving tendencyin a desireddirection in a-portion of an article ofapparel with which said device is eventually assembled, said device comprising in combination a thin iiexible compression-resistant fabric strip; andastretched elastic element having atension varyingl alongits length and fastened in' such stretchedtension-creating condition to one face of said thin exible compression-resistant fabric strip,. thus inducing different curvatures in said thinv flexible compression-resistant fabric strip along4 the length thereof and hence inducing a. cur-ving tendency in. a portion.. of an article of wearing; apparel with which the same is assembled, said curving tendency. varying along. the length of said thin flexible compression-resistant fabric. st-ripand-being inthe direction of that faceY ofsaid thin iiexible compression-resistant fabric strip to whichthe said elastic elementis fastened.

5.` A- device for inducingacurving tendency in a desireddirection in a portion of an article of apparel with which said device is eventually assembled, saidv device comprising in combination athin .flexible ycompression-resistant strip-shaped element; ,and a'stretched elastic strip-shaped element.Y having a tension varying along. its length andfastened insuch stretched tension-creating condition to one face of said thin flexible compression-resistant.strip-shaped element, thus inducing different curvatures in said thin flexible compression-resistant strip -shaped element'along thelength thereof and hence inducing a curving tendency in-a portion of.' an article of'wearing apparel with which. the same is assembled, said curving tendency varying along the length of vsaid thinfiexible compression-resistant strip-shaped element-.andbeing in the. direction of -that face of said thin flexiblev compression-resistant strip-l `tendency in adesired' direction in a portion of' an article of' apparely with which said device is eventually. assembled, said device comprising in combination a -thin :flexible compression-resistant strip.; and astretched elastic strip-shaped element having-astretch diminishing from a-maximum in the region ofv one endto a-minimum in the region oflthe' other endoffsaid-strip-shaped element and fastened in suchfstretched tension-creating conditionto one face. ofx said'thinflexibl'e compression-resistant strip; thus inducing. diminishing 9 curvatures in said thin flexible compression-resistant strip along the'length thereof and hence inducing a curving tendency in a portion of an article of wearing apparel with which the same is assembled, said curving tendency diminishing along the length of said thin flexible compression-resistant element and being in the direction of that face of said thin flexible compression-resistant strip to which the said elastic stripshaped element is fastened.

7. A device for inducing a curving tendency in a desired direction in a portion of an article of apparel with which said device is eventually assembled, said device comprising in combination a thin flexible compression-resistant strip; and a stretched elastic element having a tension diminishing from a maximum in the region of one end to a minimum in the region of the other end of said elastic element and fastened in such stretched tension-creating condition to one face of said-thin flexible compression-resistant strip, said elastic element thus inducing different cur- Vatures in said thin flexible compression-resistant strip along the length thereof and hence inducing a curving tendency in a portion of an article of wearing apparel with which the same is assembled, said curving tendency varying along the length of said thin flexible compression-resistant strip and being in the direction of that face of said thin ilexible compression-resistant strip to which the said elastic element is fastened.

8. In a collar consistingr of one or more fabric plies, means for opposing the tendency of a collar point to curl away from the body of the wearer, said means comprising a flexible permanently compression-resistant element located along a front edge of the collar in substantially fixed relation to said collar point; and a stretched elastic strip-shaped element having a tension diminishing from a maximum in the region of one end to a minimum in the region of the other end thereof and incorporated in said collar in such permanently stretched tension-creating condition and secured in such condition to said flexible permanently compression-resistant element between said flexible permanently compression-resistant element and the inner collar face and extending along said front edge of the collar from a point near the crotch of the collar toward the collar point with said first-mentioned end of said elastic i strip-shaped element located near the crotch of the collar.

9. In a collar consisting of several collar plies sewn to each other along the front edges of the collar so as to form along said front edges inwardly turned compression-resistant stiifening seam portions extending from the crotch of the collar to the collar points, means for opposing the tendency of a collar point to curl away from the body of the wearer, said means being incorporated in said collar and including a stretched elastic strip-shaped element having a tension diminishing from a maximum in the region of one end to a minimum in the region of the other end thereof and secured in such permanently stretched tension-creating condition to an inwardly turned compression-resistant seam portion along a front edge of the collar, extending from a point near the crotch of said collar toward the collar point with said first-mentioned end of said elastic stripshaped element located near the crotch of the collar and located between said inwardly turned compression-resistant seam portion and the inner collar ply.

10. In a collar consisting of one or more fabric plies, means for opposing the tendency of a collar point to curl away from the body of the wearer, said means comprising a flexible permanently stiffened compression-resistant fabric strip located along a front edge of the collar in substantially xed relation to said collar point; and a stretched elastic strip-shaped element having a tension diminishing from a maximum in the region of one end to a minimum in the region of the other end thereof and incorporated in said collar in such permanently stretched tensioncreating condition and secured in such condition to said flexible permanently stiifened compression-resistant fabric strip between said flexible permanently stiffened compression-resistant'fabric strip and the inner collar face and extending along said front edge of the collar from a point near the crotch of the collar toward the collar point with said first mentioned end of said elastic strip-shaped element located near the crotch of the collar.

1l. In a collar consisting of one or more fabric plies, means for opposing the tendency of a collar point to curl away from the body of the wearer, said means comprising a flexible permanently compression-resistant element located in the neighborhood of said collar point in substantially fixed relation to said collar point; and a stretched elastic strip-shaped element having a tension diminishing from a maximum in the region of one end to a minimum in the region of the other end thereof and incorporated in said collar in such permanently stretched tension-creating condition and secured in such condition to said exible permanently compression-resistant element in the neighborhood of said collar point extending at least approximately toward the same and located .between said flexible permanently compression-resistant element and the inner collar face with said first-mentioned end of said elastic strip-shaped element located further from the collar point and said other end thereof located nearer to the collar point.

l2. In a collar including an outer collar ply, an inner collar ply and an interposed lining ply, means for opposing the tendency of a collar point to curl away from the body of the wearer, said means comprising a flexible permanently compression-resistant element incorporated in said collar located in the neighborhood of said collar point between said lining ply and said inner ply of said collar in substantially fixed relation to said collar point; and a stretched elastic stripshaped element having a tension diminishing from a maximum in the region of one end to a minimum in the region of the other end thereof and incorporated in said collar in such permanently stretched tension-creating condition and secured in such position to said flexible permanently compression-resistant element in the neighborhood of said collar point extending at least approximately toward the same and located between said compression-resistant element and the inner collar ply with said first-mentioned end of said elastic strip-shaped element located further from the collar point and said other end thereof located nearer to the collar point.

13. In a collar including an outer and an inner collar ply, means for opposing the tendency of a collar point to curl away from the body of the wearer, said means comprising a flexible permanently compression-resistant element incorporated in said collar located between said collar plies in the neighborhood of said collar point in substantially xed relation to said collar point;

`'aeonoee and a stretched elastic strip-shaped element hav- .ing Va tension diminishing from a maximum in the `region of one end to a minimum in the region of the other end thereof and incorporated insaid collar in such permanently stretched tensioncreating condition to said -exible permanently compression-resistant element in the neighborhood of said collar point extending at least approximately toward the sameand located-between said compression-resistant element and the inner collar ply with said rst-mentioned end of said elastic strip-shaped element located further fromthe collar point and said other end thereof'located nearer to the collar point.

14. :In .a `colla-r consisting` of several collar -plies sewn to each other along the edges of .the collar so as to form along Vsaid edges inwardly turned stiffening seam portions, means for opposing the tendency of a collar point to curl away from the .body Yof the wearer, lsaid means being incorporated in said collar and including a stretchedzelas- 'tic strip-shapedl element having a tension dimin- :ishng from a maximum in the region of one end to a minimum in the region of the other end thereof and secured in such permanently stretched tension-creating condition to an inwardly turned lstiiening seam portion in the neighborhood of said collar point extending toward the same and located between said inwardly turned seam portion and the inner collarply with saidrst-mentioned end of said elastic strip-shaped element .located further from the collar point and vsaid other end thereof located nearer to the .collar point.

BENJAMIN LIEBOWITZ.

REFERENCES ACITED The following references are .of record in the le of this patent:

'UNITED STATES PATENTS Number :Name 'Date 328,207 Fulmer Oct. `13, 1885 12,132,616 Hardie Oct. 114, 1938 2,186,356 Bihaly Jan. -9, A19,40 ,2,298,071 Smith `Got. G, 11942 

